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    Biolog铆a reproductiva de Caesalpinia ebano h. karst. de bosque seco tropical en el departamento de C贸rdoba, Colombia

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    The present work was carried out in order to characterize the reproductive biology patterns of Caesalpinia ebano, endemic to the dry forests of Colombia. The study was carried out in the Jaguares de Monter铆a ecological park in the department of C贸rdoba. Floral biology was described, different types of pollination were evaluated (induced self-pollination, cross-pollination, spontaneous self-pollination, open pollination) and the frequency of flower visitors was recorded. C. ebano presents hermaphrodite flowers with a length of 1.3 cm from the peduncle and an approximate average life span, from anthesis to dehiscence, of three days. The results obtained indicate that this species only produces fruits by cross pollination and open pollination, although in the induced self-pollination fruits were formed, all were aborted. According to the reproductive system that C. ebano presents, it is strictly dependent on pollinators for its reproductive success. The weight of the seeds and fruits were not significantly different between the treatments; however, there were significant differences regarding the number of seeds between the treatments. On the other hand, the floral visitor with the highest frequency of visits was A. mellifera.1. INTRODUCCI脫N ............................................................................................. 122. OBJETIVOS ..................................................................................................... 152.1 OBJETIVO GENERAL ............................................................................... 152.2 OBJETIVOS ESPEC脥FICOS ....................................................................... 153. ESTADO DEL ARTE ........................................................................................ 163.1 MARCO TE脫RICO ..................................................................................... 163.1.1 Estructura de la flor ............................................................................... 163.1.2 Sistemas florales .................................................................................. 163.1.3 Fenolog铆a reproductiva ......................................................................... 173.1.4 Sistemas reproductivos ........................................................................ 173.1.5 Visitantes florales ................................................................................. 183.1.6 S铆ndrome de polinizaci贸n ...................................................................... 193.2 ANTECEDENTES ...................................................................................... 194. DISE脩O METODOLOGICO ............................................................................. 234.1 AREA DE ESTUDIO .................................................................................. 234.2 METODOLOG脥A ........................................................................................ 244.2.1 Biolog铆a floral ......................................................................................... 244.2.2 Sistemas de reproducci贸n .................................................................... 254.2.3 Visitantes florales ................................................................................. 264.3 AN脕LISIS ESTAD脥STICO .......................................................................... 275. RESULTADOS ................................................................................................. 285.1 Biolog铆a floral ........................................................................................ 285.2 Din谩mica de floraci贸n ............................................................................ 295.3 Sistemas reproductivos ........................................................................ 305.4 Visitantes florales .................................................................................. 356. DISCUSION ..................................................................................................... 377. CONCLUSIONES ............................................................................................ 418. RECOMENDACIONES ..................................................................................... 429. BIBLIOGRAFIA.......................................................................................................................43El presente trabajo se realiz贸 con el fin de caracterizar los patrones de la biolog铆a reproductiva de Caesalpinia ebano, end茅mica de los bosques secos de Colombia. El estudio se llev贸 a cabo en el parque ecol贸gico Jaguares de Monter铆a del departamento de C贸rdoba. Se describi贸 la biolog铆a floral, se evaluaron diferentes tipos de polinizaci贸n (autopolinizaci贸n inducida, polinizaci贸n cruzada, autopolinizaci贸n espont谩nea, polinizaci贸n abierta) y se registr贸 la frecuencia de los visitantes florales. C. ebano presenta flores hermafroditas con una longitud de 1,3 cm desde el ped煤nculo y un promedio de vida aproximado, desde la antesis hasta la dehiscencia, de tres d铆as. Los resultados obtenidos indican que esta especie solo produce frutos por polinizaci贸n cruzada y polinizaci贸n abierta, aunque en la autopolinizaci贸n inducida se formaron frutos, todos fueron abortados. Seg煤n el sistema reproductivo que presenta C. ebano, es estrictamente dependiente de los polinizadores para su 茅xito reproductivo. El peso de las semillas y frutos no fueron significativamente diferente entre los tratamientos; no obstante, hubo diferencias significativas respecto al n煤mero de semillas entre los tratamientos. Por otro lado, el visitante floral con mayor frecuencia de visitas fue A. mellifera.PregradoBi贸logo(a)Trabajo de Investigaci贸n/Extensi贸
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